The medical masks specified in the European standard EN14683-2019 are divided into two types (Type I and Type II) according to the bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE), while Type II is further divided according to whether the masks are splash proof. "R" means splash proof.
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At least, type I medical masks are used for patients to reduce the risk of infection transmission, especially in epidemic or pandemic situations. Type II masks are mainly used by medical care professionals in operating rooms or other medical environments with similar requirements.
Since medical masks and ordinary masks look the same, it is difficult to distinguish them. They have the same three layers: two layers of non-woven fabric and the most important intermediate melt blown fiber layer. There is a very important technical data to distinguish them: bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE). For medical purposes, BFE should be ≥ 95% or ≥ 99%. For general use, melt blown fibers do not have such technical data, but have particle filtration efficiency (PFE). PFE shall be ≥ 80%.